2nd BAC English Grammar Booklet – Complete Exam-Oriented Practice

دفتر قواعد اللغة الإنجليزية للثانية باكالوريا: تدريب شامل للاستعداد للامتحان الوطني

Overview

This booklet is designed for Moroccan 2nd BAC students who need a clear, exam-focused review of all English grammar lessons for the National Exam.

It includes summaries, graded exercises, and answer keys that teachers and students can use in class or for self-study.

⬇ Download 2nd BAC Grammar Booklet (PDF)

Unit 1 – Tenses Review (2nd BAC Grammar Exercises)

Practise the most important tenses for the 2nd BAC national exam: present vs past, present perfect, past perfect and future perfect.

A. Present Simple vs Present Continuous

Exercise 1 – Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.

Use the present simple or the present continuous.

1. Young people usually __________ (spend) a lot of time online, but today they __________ (organise) a clean‑up campaign.
2. My sister __________ (study) English at university and she __________ (work) in a café at the weekend.
3. Many students __________ (feel) stressed before exams, so they __________ (try) to revise harder these days.
4. Listen! The teacher __________ (explain) the rules of the new project now.
5. Moroccan youth often __________ (participate) in charity events to help poor families.

B. Past Simple vs Present Perfect

Exercise 2 – Choose the correct form.

Circle the correct answer.

6. Many young Moroccans (have created / created) successful projects in the last few years.
7. My friend (has joined / joined) a youth association this year; he is very active now.
8. We (have organised / organised) several campaigns since we (started / have started) our club.
9. I (have never participated / never participated) in a volunteering activity before, but I want to start now.
10. She (has finished / finished) her homework two hours ago.

C. Past Simple vs Past Perfect

Exercise 3 – Put the verbs in the correct past tense.

Use the simple past or the past perfect.

11. Many students __________ (leave) school before they __________ (realise) the importance of education.
12. Before the state __________ (build) new schools, children __________ (walk) long distances to study.
13. She __________ (succeed) in the BAC because she __________ (work) hard during the whole year.
14. When the government __________ (launch) literacy programmes, thousands of adults __________ (remain) illiterate for many years.
15. After he __________ (finish) his studies, he __________ (decide) to start a small project in his town.

D. Future Simple (will) vs Be Going To

Exercise 4 – Complete with will or be going to.

16. I think young people __________ (play) a bigger role in politics in the future.
17. We have already collected the money; we __________ (buy) school materials for poor students.
18. Be careful with your health or you __________ (have) serious problems later.
19. Look at the dark clouds! It __________ (rain) soon.
20. Our class has decided that we __________ (organise) a cultural day next month.

E. Future Perfect (will have + past participle)

Exercise 5 – Put the verbs in the future perfect.

Use: will have + past participle.

21. By the end of this year, many students __________ (learn) how to write better paragraphs.
22. By 2030, the government __________ (create) thousands of new job opportunities for youth.
23. By next July, all BAC candidates __________ (take) their national exams.
24. By the time she is 25, she __________ (get) her degree and __________ (start) her career.

Show Answer Key – Unit 1 (Tenses)

A. Present Simple vs Present Continuous

1 spend – are organising
2 studies – works / is working (both possible, but "works" is more natural)
3 feel – are trying
4 is explaining
5 participate

B. Past Simple vs Present Perfect

6 have created
7 has joined
8 have organised – started
9 have never participated
10 finished

C. Past Simple vs Past Perfect

11 had left – realised
12 built – had walked
13 succeeded – had worked
14 launched – had remained
15 had finished – decided

D. Future Simple vs Be Going To

16 will play
17 are going to buy
18 will have
19 is going to rain
20 are going to organise

E. Future Perfect

21 will have learned / learnt
22 will have created
23 will have taken
24 will have got / gotten – will have started

Unit 2 – Modals (2nd BAC Grammar Exercises)

Practise the main modal verbs for the 2nd BAC national exam: obligation, necessity, advice, prohibition, lack of necessity and possibility.

A. Obligation & Necessity (must / have to / should)

Exercise 1 – Complete with: must / have to / should.

Use each verb at least once.

1. Students __________ respect school rules; it is very important.
2. You __________ work regularly during the year if you want to succeed in the BAC exam.
3. My sister __________ wear a uniform at her school; it's the school's rule.
4. Drivers __________ stop when the traffic light is red.
5. We __________ help our parents at home; it is a good habit.

Exercise 2 – Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.

6. It is necessary for me to finish this project today. (have to)
7. It is very important for citizens to vote in elections. (must)
8. It's a good idea for teenagers to do sports. (should)
9. It is necessary for us to protect the environment. (have to)

B. Prohibition & Lack of Necessity (mustn't / don't have to)

Exercise 3 – Complete with: mustn't or don't have to.

10. You __________ smoke in hospitals; it's forbidden.
11. We __________ pay for this course; it's free.
12. Students __________ be late for the national exam.
13. You __________ buy a new book; you can borrow mine.
14. Citizens __________ throw rubbish on the beach.

C. Possibility & Probability (may / might / can / could)

Exercise 4 – Choose the correct modal.

Use: may – might – can – could.

15. Brain drain __________ cause serious problems for developing countries in the future.
16. Technology __________ help students get information quickly, but it also __________ create addiction.
17. Some NGOs __________ not have enough money to help all poor families.
18. Moroccan youth __________ change their country if they get good education and opportunities.
19. This medicine __________ make you feel sleepy, so don't drive after taking it.

D. Mixed Modals in Context

Exercise 5 – Complete the paragraph with suitable modals.

Use: must – should – have to – mustn't – may – might – don't have to. Use each at most once.

To fight illiteracy in Morocco, the government __________ (1) build more schools in rural areas. Teachers __________ (2) encourage parents to send their children to school, especially girls. Parents __________ (3) keep their children at home to work; they __________ (4) understand that education is important for the future. Volunteers __________ (5) help by organising evening classes for adults. Some poor families __________ (6) pay for books because associations can provide them for free. If everybody works together, the problem of illiteracy __________ (7) decrease in the next years.

Show Answer Key – Unit 2 (Modals)

A. Obligation & Necessity

Exercise 1
1 must / have to (both acceptable)
2 have to / must
3 has to
4 must / have to
5 should

Exercise 2 (possible answers)
6 I have to finish this project today.
7 Citizens must vote in elections.
8 Teenagers should do sports.
9 We have to protect the environment.

B. Prohibition & Lack of Necessity

Exercise 3
10 mustn't
11 don't have to
12 mustn't
13 don't have to
14 mustn't

C. Possibility & Probability

Exercise 4 (one good option each)
15 may / might / can / could (may/might are more probable)
16 can – can / might / could
17 may / might / can / could not
18 can / could
19 may / might

D. Mixed Modals in Context

Exercise 5 (suggested key)

(1) must / have to
(2) should
(3) mustn't
(4) should / must
(5) can / should
(6) don't have to
(7) may / might

Unit 3 – Conditionals & Wishes (2nd BAC Grammar Exercises)

Practise conditional sentences (Types 0, 1, 2) and common "I wish / If only" structures used in the 2nd BAC national exam.

A. Conditional Type 0 & Type 1

Exercise 1 – Put the verbs in the correct form (Type 0).

Use the simple present in both parts.

1. If you __________ (eat) a lot of fast food, you __________ (become) overweight.
2. If students __________ (revise) regularly, they __________ (get) better marks.
3. If you __________ (heat) ice, it __________ (turn) into water.
4. People __________ (feel) relaxed if they __________ (laugh) a lot.

Exercise 2 – Complete with the correct verb form (Type 1).

Use: If + present simple, will + verb.

5. If you __________ (work) hard this year, you __________ (pass) the national exam.
6. If young people __________ (get) good training, they __________ (find) better jobs.
7. If we __________ (plant) more trees, we __________ (reduce) pollution.
8. If citizens __________ (respect) the law, society __________ (become) safer.
9. If you __________ (not, save) money, you __________ (not, be able) to study abroad.

B. Conditional Type 2 (Unreal Present)

Exercise 3 – Put the verbs in the correct form (Type 2).

Use: If + past simple, would + verb.

10. If I __________ (have) enough money, I __________ (start) a small project in my town.
11. If Moroccan youth __________ (be) more involved in politics, they __________ (defend) their rights better.
12. If there __________ (be) more cultural clubs in schools, students __________ (develop) their talents.
13. If people __________ (care) more about the environment, our cities __________ (be) cleaner.
14. If many graduates __________ (find) jobs in Morocco, they __________ (not, emigrate) abroad.

C. Conditional Type 3 (Unreal Past – Optional)

Exercise 4 – Rewrite the sentences using Type 3.

15. Yassine had a terrible accident because he didn't stop at the red light.
    → If Yassine …
16. My sister didn't take her medicine. She didn't feel better.
    → If my sister …
17. Malika dropped out of school because her father lost his job.
    → If Malika's father …

D. Wishes about the Present (I wish / If only + past)

Exercise 5 – Rewrite the sentences using "I wish…".

18. I don't have enough time to revise all my lessons.
    → I wish …
19. Our town is very polluted.
    → I wish …
20. Many youths are unemployed.
    → I wish …
21. My friend spends too much time on social media.
    → I wish …

E. Wishes about the Past (I wish / If only + past perfect)

Exercise 6 – Complete the sentences with a suitable wish.

22. I failed the BAC exam last year. → I wish I __________ (work) harder.
23. She missed an important scholarship. → She wishes she __________ (apply) for it.
24. We didn't visit our grandparents before they moved. → We wish we __________ (visit) them earlier.
25. He spent all his money on games. → He wishes he __________ (save) some money.

Show Answer Key – Unit 3 (Conditionals & Wishes)

A. Type 0 & Type 1

Exercise 1 (Type 0)
1 eat – become
2 revise – get
3 heat – turns
4 feel – laugh

Exercise 2 (Type 1)
5 work – will pass
6 get – will find
7 plant – will reduce
8 respect – will become
9 don't save – won't be able to

B. Type 2 (Unreal Present)

Exercise 3
10 had – would start
11 were – would defend
12 were – would develop
13 cared – would be
14 found – would not emigrate / wouldn't emigrate

C. Type 3 (Unreal Past – model answers)

15 If Yassine had stopped at the red light, he wouldn't have had a terrible accident.
16 If my sister had taken her medicine, she would have felt better.
17 If Malika's father hadn't lost his job, she wouldn't have dropped out of school.

D. Wishes about the Present

(many correct versions possible; here are models)

18 I wish I had enough time to revise all my lessons.
19 I wish our town were / was less polluted.
20 I wish many youths weren't unemployed.
21 I wish my friend didn't spend so much time on social media.

E. Wishes about the Past

22 I wish I had worked harder.
23 She wishes she had applied for it.
24 We wish we had visited them earlier.
25 He wishes he had saved some money.

Unit 4 – Passive Voice (2nd BAC Grammar Exercises)

Practise changing sentences from active to passive in the main tenses used in the 2nd BAC national exam.

A. Simple Present & Simple Past

Exercise 1 – Change the sentences from active to passive.

Example: People speak English in many countries. → English is spoken in many countries.

1. They organise cultural festivals every year.
2. The government builds new schools in rural areas.
3. Many people use social media every day.
4. They cleaned the streets after the campaign.
5. The teacher corrected the students' exams yesterday.

B. Present Perfect & Future (will)

Exercise 2 – Rewrite the sentences in the passive.

6. The government has created new job opportunities for youth.
7. They have launched a big campaign against illiteracy.
8. The organisation has given food and clothes to poor families.
9. The state will build a new hospital in this city.
10. They will publish the BAC results next week.

C. Passive with "by…" (agent)

Exercise 3 – Make passive sentences using "by…".

11. Moroccan students write many articles about brain drain. (Moroccan students)
12. Engineers design modern bridges in big cities. (engineers)
13. Volunteers organise literacy classes for women. (volunteers)
14. My mother prepared a delicious meal for the guests. (my mother)

D. Mixed Passive (Previous‑exam style)

Exercise 4 – Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.

15. They will build a new library in our neighbourhood.
16. The government has implemented a new educational system.
17. They decorated Nancy's room with balloons and flowers.
18. People have published many articles about women's rights.
19. The company will train young graduates for six months.

Show Answer Key – Unit 4 (Passive Voice)

A. Simple Present & Simple Past

Exercise 1
1 Cultural festivals are organised every year.
2 New schools are built in rural areas.
3 Social media is used every day (by many people).
4 The streets were cleaned after the campaign.
5 The students' exams were corrected yesterday.

B. Present Perfect & Future (will)

Exercise 2
6 New job opportunities have been created for youth.
7 A big campaign against illiteracy has been launched.
8 Food and clothes have been given to poor families.
9 A new hospital will be built in this city.
10 The BAC results will be published next week.

C. Passive with "by…"

Exercise 3
11 Many articles about brain drain are written by Moroccan students.
12 Modern bridges are designed by engineers in big cities.
13 Literacy classes for women are organised by volunteers.
14 A delicious meal was prepared for the guests by my mother.

D. Mixed Passive (exam style)

Exercise 4
15 A new library will be built in our neighbourhood.
16 A new educational system has been implemented by the government.
17 Nancy's room was decorated with balloons and flowers.
18 Many articles about women's rights have been published.
19 Young graduates will be trained by the company for six months.

Unit 5 – Reported Speech (2nd BAC Grammar Exercises)

Practise reporting statements, questions and commands/requests with correct tense and time changes.

A. Reported Statements

Exercise 1 – Change the sentences into reported speech.

Use the reporting verbs in brackets and make necessary tense changes.

1. "I am preparing for the national exam," said Ahmed. (Ahmed said…)
2. "We finished the project yesterday," the students said. (The students said…)
3. "I will apply for a scholarship next year," she said. (She said…)
4. "Many young people can't find jobs," the teacher said. (The teacher said…)
5. "We have already visited many African countries," the minister said. (The minister said…)

B. Tense & Time Expressions

Exercise 2 – Rewrite the sentences in reported speech.

6. "I am studying English now," Samira said yesterday. → Samira said that …
7. "We bought this house last year," they said. → They said that …
8. "I have never cheated in an exam," the student said. → The student said that …
9. "I will visit you tomorrow," my friend said. → My friend said that …

C. Reported Questions (Yes/No & Wh-)

Exercise 3 – Change these questions into reported speech.

Use asked and if / whether / wh‑word.

10. "Do you like studying English?" the teacher asked the students.
    → The teacher asked the students …
11. "Where did you spend your holidays?" he asked me.
    → He asked me …
12. "Have you finished your homework?" my mother asked me.
    → My mother asked me …
13. "Why are many youths unemployed in Morocco?" the journalist asked.
    → The journalist asked …

D. Reported Commands & Requests

Exercise 4 – Rewrite the sentences using reported speech.

Use: tell/ask + object + to / not to + verb.

14. "Turn off your mobile phones," the teacher said to the students.
    → The teacher told …
15. "Please help your little brother with his homework," my mother said to me.
    → My mother asked …
16. "Don't waste your time on social media," the coach said to the team.
    → The coach told …
17. "Write your names clearly on the answer sheets," the supervisor said to candidates.
    → The supervisor told …

E. Mixed Reported Speech (Exam Style)

Exercise 5 – Change the following into reported speech.

18. "We are organising a campaign against drugs at school," the headmaster said.
19. "Did you apply for the volunteer program?" the association's president asked me.
20. "Hand in your projects next Monday," the teacher said to her students.

Show Answer Key – Unit 5 (Reported Speech)

A. Reported Statements

Exercise 1
1 Ahmed said (that) he was preparing for the national exam.
2 The students said (that) they had finished the project the day before / the previous day.
3 She said (that) she would apply for a scholarship the following year / the next year.
4 The teacher said (that) many young people couldn't find jobs.
5 The minister said (that) they had already visited many African countries.

B. Tense & Time Expressions

Exercise 2
6 Samira said (that) she was studying English then / at that time.
7 They said (that) they had bought that house the year before / the previous year.
8 The student said (that) he / she had never cheated in an exam.
9 My friend said (that) he / she would visit me the following day / the next day.

C. Reported Questions

Exercise 3
10 The teacher asked the students if / whether they liked studying English.
11 He asked me where I had spent my holidays.
12 My mother asked me if / whether I had finished my homework.
13 The journalist asked why many youths were unemployed in Morocco.

D. Commands & Requests

Exercise 4
14 The teacher told the students to turn off their mobile phones.
15 My mother asked me to help my little brother with his homework.
16 The coach told the team not to waste their time on social media.
17 The supervisor told the candidates to write their names clearly on the answer sheets.

E. Mixed Reported Speech (Exam Style)

Exercise 5 (model answers)
18 The headmaster said (that) they were organising a campaign against drugs at school.
19 The association's president asked me if / whether I had applied for the volunteer program.
20 The teacher told her students to hand in their projects the following Monday / the next Monday.

Unit 6 – Linking Words & Relative Clauses (2nd BAC Grammar Exercises)

Practise common 2BAC linking words for cause, result, contrast and purpose, as well as basic relative clauses (who, which, that, where, when, whose).

A. Cause & Result Linkers

Exercise 1 – Complete with a suitable linker.

Use: because – since – so – therefore – as a result.

1. Many students were absent __________ it was raining heavily.
2. __________ public transport is not well organised, many people use their cars.
3. People don't recycle their waste, __________ a lot of rubbish is burnt or buried.
4. Factories throw chemicals into rivers; __________, many fish die.
5. The association organised a clean‑up campaign; __________, the beach became cleaner.

B. Contrast Linkers

Exercise 2 – Complete with: however – although – in spite of – despite.

6. __________ many young people have degrees, they are still unemployed.
7. The town is polluted; __________, many people don't care about the environment.
8. __________ the bad weather, the volunteers continued their campaign.
9. She passed the exam __________ the fact that she was very sick.

C. Purpose Linkers

Exercise 3 – Complete with: to – in order to – so that.

10. Young people do voluntary work __________ help their communities.
11. The government launched awareness campaigns __________ reduce traffic accidents.
12. Students should work hard __________ they can succeed in the national exam.

D. Relative Clauses (who / which / that / where / when / whose)

Exercise 4 – Complete with the correct relative pronoun.

Use: who – which – that – where – when – whose.

13. A volunteer is a person __________ works without getting money.
14. 2015 was the year __________ Morocco launched many development projects.
15. Ouarzazate is a city __________ many films are shot.
16. The girl __________ father is a doctor wants to study medicine.
17. This is the book __________ we talked about yesterday.
18. Climate change is a problem __________ worries scientists.

Show Answer Key – Unit 6 (Linking Words & Relative Clauses)

A. Cause & Result

1 because
2 Since
3 so
4 therefore / as a result
5 as a result / therefore

B. Contrast

6 Although
7 however
8 Despite / In spite of
9 despite / in spite of the fact that

C. Purpose

10 to / in order to
11 to / in order to
12 so that

D. Relative Clauses

13 who
14 when
15 where
16 whose
17 which / that
18 which / that

Unit 7 – Word Formation (Noun / Adjective / Adverb)

Practise forming nouns, adjectives and adverbs from common 2BAC vocabulary items (education, success, danger, responsibility, etc.).

A. Noun Forms

Exercise 1 – Complete the sentences with the correct noun form.

Use the words in brackets.

1. Good __________ is very important for the development of any country. (educate)
2. Many youths suffer from __________ because they can't find jobs. (unemployed)
3. Regular exercise is essential for good __________. (healthy)
4. Brain drain is a serious __________ for developing countries. (dangerous)
5. Citizens have the __________ to protect the environment. (responsible)

B. Adjective Forms

Exercise 2 – Complete with the correct adjective form.

6. Illiteracy is a __________ problem in some rural areas. (nation)
7. We should eat __________ food and do sports regularly. (health)
8. She did a __________ job in her project; the teacher was very happy. (success)
9. Many Moroccan cities are famous for their __________ monuments. (history)
10. Corruption has a very __________ effect on the economy. (negatively)

C. Adverb Forms

Exercise 3 – Complete the sentences with the correct adverb.

11. Students should work __________ if they want to pass the national exam. (hard)
12. She spoke __________ during the presentation, so everyone understood her ideas. (clear)
13. The volunteers worked __________ to finish the campaign on time. (active)
14. We must use natural resources __________ to protect the environment. (wise)
15. The teacher explained the lesson very __________, so the students didn't have any problems. (simple)

Show Answer Key – Unit 7 (Word Formation)

A. Noun Forms

1 education
2 unemployment
3 health
4 danger
5 responsibility

B. Adjective Forms

6 national
7 healthy
8 successful
9 historical
10 negative

C. Adverb Forms

11 hard (no change)
12 clearly
13 actively
14 wisely
15 simply

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